See ko- on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "hw-"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*x̣ʊ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Athabaskan/x̣ʊ-"
],
[
"ho-",
"ho-#Navajo"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aht",
"2": "ath-pro",
"3": "*x̣ʊ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Athabaskan *x̣ʊ-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nv",
"2": "ho-"
},
"expansion": "Navajo ho-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Athabaskan *x̣ʊ-. Compare Navajo ho-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ku-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aht",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ko-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ahtna",
"lang_code": "aht",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "es-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "tsʼ-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "i-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "oh-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "∅-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ku-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "k-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "y-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "cʼ-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "s-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ne-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "nhw-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "b-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "hw-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "de-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "hde-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "cʼe-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "nił-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"marks an area as the subject of a verb"
],
"id": "en-ko--aht-prefix-DdOl9gcs",
"links": [
[
"area",
"area#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 45 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ahtna entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 44 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ahtna terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 26 27 13 0 0 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 18 18 7 0 0 19 13 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 21 22 4 0 0 25 4 4 7 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ko- + -kʼe (“on”) → kukʼe (“on an area”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
10
]
],
"english": "moose are mating (Literally, “moose have an area”)",
"text": "deniigi kotʼaen",
"translation": "moose are mating (Literally, “moose have an area”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"marks an areal object of a postposition or verb"
],
"id": "en-ko--aht-prefix-j~j4y0XI",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 45 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ahtna entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 26 27 13 0 0 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 18 18 7 0 0 19 13 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 21 22 4 0 0 25 4 4 7 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "there is a house",
"text": "hwnax kuzʼaan",
"translation": "there is a house",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"marks the areal gender on a verb"
],
"id": "en-ko--aht-prefix-DThcP53~",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ko-"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "ke-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chk",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ko-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chuukese",
"lang_code": "chk",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chuukese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Second-person singular subject marker for tense modifying adverbs."
],
"id": "en-ko--chk-prefix-1Ng0N32j",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ko-"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"ko-",
"ko-#Old_Czech"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-ocs:ko-",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Czech\", \"term\" : \"ko-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cs\" }\" data-lang=\"cs\" data-title=\"ko-\">\nInherited from Old Czech ko-.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Czech ko-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "če-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "cho-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ko-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 26 27 13 0 0 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ko- + míhat → komíhat"
},
{
"text": "ko- + drcat → kodrcat"
},
{
"text": "ko- + mřít → skomírat"
},
{
"text": "ko- + *nichat → čenichat"
},
{
"text": "ko- + metat → chomýtat"
}
],
"glosses": [
"intensifying prefix"
],
"id": "en-ko--cs-prefix-VKotgAUy",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ko ]"
}
],
"word": "ko-"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ḱe",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱe#Proto-Indo-European:_here"
],
[
"*ḱóm",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱóm#Proto-Indo-European:_beside"
],
[
"*kom",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/kom#Proto-Italic:_with"
],
[
"*kom-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/kom-#Proto-Italic:_with"
],
[
"con-",
"con-#Latin"
],
[
"con-",
"con-#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "la:con-",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱe?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱóm\nProto-Italic *kom\nProto-Italic *kom-\nLatin con-bor.\nCzech ko-\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"with\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"with\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"beside\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"here\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱe\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱóm\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*kom\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*kom-\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"con-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Czech\", \"term\" : \"ko-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cs\" }\" data-lang=\"cs\" data-title=\"ko-\">\nBorrowed from Latin con-.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱe?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱóm\nProto-Italic *kom\nProto-Italic *kom-\nLatin con-bor.\nCzech ko-\nBorrowed from Latin con-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ko-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"co-"
],
"id": "en-ko--cs-prefix-oviqcDbl",
"links": [
[
"co-",
"co-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ko ]"
}
],
"word": "ko-"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"co-",
"co-#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "la",
"3": "co-"
},
"expansion": "Latin co-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "< Latin co-",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ko-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"co-"
],
"id": "en-ko--fi-prefix-oviqcDbl",
"links": [
[
"co-",
"co-"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in loanwords) co-"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in loanwords"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈko-/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈko̞-]"
}
],
"word": "ko-"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "co-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ko-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"co-"
],
"id": "en-ko--de-prefix-oviqcDbl",
"links": [
[
"co-",
"co-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "De-ko-.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d0/De-ko-.ogg/De-ko-.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/De-ko-.ogg",
"tags": [
"Germany",
"Berlin"
]
}
],
"word": "ko-"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"co-",
"co-#Dutch"
],
[
"co-",
"co-#Latin"
],
[
"con-",
"con-#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "nl",
"3": "co-"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Dutch co-",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "la",
"3": "co-"
},
"expansion": "Latin co-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Dutch co-, from Latin co-, allomorph of con-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kon-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "kom-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ko-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ko"
]
}
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"co-"
],
"id": "en-ko--id-prefix-oviqcDbl",
"links": [
[
"co-",
"co-"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"co-:"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 26 27 13 0 0 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 18 18 7 0 0 19 13 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 21 22 4 0 0 25 4 4 7 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"co-:",
"together; mutually; jointly"
],
"id": "en-ko--id-prefix-5RW-O5p-",
"links": [
[
"co-",
"co-"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dengan"
},
{
"word": "bersama-sama"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ko]"
}
],
"word": "ko-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "ko-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "こ"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Rōmaji transcription of こ"
],
"id": "en-ko--ja-romanization-mO8tKMzC",
"links": [
[
"Rōmaji",
"romaji"
],
[
"こ",
"こ#Japanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"Rōmaji",
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "ko-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mkj",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ko-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mokilese",
"lang_code": "mkj",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "used to form causative verbs",
"word": "ka-"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mokilese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of ka-; used to form causative verbs"
],
"id": "en-ko--mkj-prefix-HQUl5GLs",
"links": [
[
"ka-",
"ka-#Mokilese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ko-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nv",
"2": "stem"
},
"expansion": "ko-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Navajo",
"lang_code": "nv",
"pos": "stem",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Navajo entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Navajo stems",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"here, at this place or time"
],
"id": "en-ko--nv-stem-XUOcxgfe",
"links": [
[
"here",
"here"
],
[
"place",
"place"
],
[
"time",
"time"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "áadi"
},
{
"word": "aadi"
},
{
"word": "dząądi"
},
{
"word": "kodi"
},
{
"word": "nagháidi"
},
{
"word": "ńláahdi"
},
{
"word": "ńléidi"
},
{
"word": "tłʼóóʼdi"
},
{
"word": "nahdi"
},
{
"word": "—"
},
{
"word": "nagháigi"
},
{
"word": "ńláahgi"
},
{
"word": "ńléigi"
},
{
"word": "tłʼóoʼgi"
},
{
"word": "nahgi"
},
{
"word": "áájí"
},
{
"word": "aají"
},
{
"word": "kojí"
},
{
"word": "nagháíjí"
},
{
"word": "ńlááhjí"
},
{
"word": "ńléíjí"
},
{
"word": "tłʼóóʼjí"
},
{
"word": "nahjí"
},
{
"word": "áajįʼ"
},
{
"word": "aajįʼ"
},
{
"word": "kojįʼ"
},
{
"word": "nagháijįʼ"
},
{
"word": "ńláahjįʼ"
},
{
"word": "ńléijįʼ"
},
{
"word": "tłʼóoʼjįʼ"
},
{
"word": "nahjįʼ"
},
{
"word": "áádę́ę́ʼ"
},
{
"word": "aadę́ę́ʼ"
},
{
"word": "kodę́ę́ʼ"
},
{
"word": "nagháídę́ę́ʼ"
},
{
"word": "ńlááhdę́ę́ʼ"
},
{
"word": "ńléídę́ę́ʼ"
},
{
"word": "tłʼóóʼdę́ę́ʼ"
},
{
"word": "nahdę́ę́ʼ"
},
{
"word": "áádóó"
},
{
"word": "aadóó"
},
{
"word": "kodóó"
},
{
"word": "nagháídóó"
},
{
"word": "ńlááhdóó"
},
{
"word": "ńléídóó"
},
{
"word": "tłʼóóʼdóó"
},
{
"word": "nahdóó"
},
{
"word": "íídą́ą́ʼ"
},
{
"word": "nagháígóó"
},
{
"word": "ńlááhgóó"
},
{
"word": "ńléígóó"
},
{
"word": "tłʼóóʼgóó"
},
{
"word": "nahgóó"
},
{
"word": "áajigo"
},
{
"word": "aajigo"
},
{
"word": "kojigo"
},
{
"word": "nagháijigo"
},
{
"word": "ńláahjigo"
},
{
"word": "ńléijigo"
},
{
"word": "tłʼóoʼjigo"
},
{
"word": "nahjigo"
}
]
}
],
"word": "ko-"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "kon-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ko-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ko-"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "(“with, together”), used especially before vowels and h, and also in newer formations",
"word": "kon-"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "coalition",
"translation": "coalition",
"word": "koalisjon"
},
{
"english": "coexistence",
"translation": "coexistence",
"word": "koeksistens"
},
{
"english": "coherence",
"translation": "coherence",
"word": "koherens"
},
{
"english": "copilot",
"translation": "copilot",
"word": "kopilot"
},
{
"english": "coproduction",
"translation": "coproduction",
"word": "koproduksjon"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of kon- (“with, together”), used especially before vowels and h, and also in newer formations"
],
"id": "en-ko--nb-prefix-WDLCRYlK",
"links": [
[
"kon-",
"kon-#Norwegian_Bokmål"
],
[
"h",
"h#Norwegian_Bokmål"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ku-/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkuː-/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-u"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uː"
}
],
"word": "ko-"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ḱe",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱe#Proto-Indo-European:_here"
],
[
"*ḱóm",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱóm#Proto-Indo-European:_beside"
],
[
"*kom",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/kom#Proto-Italic:_with"
],
[
"*kom-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/kom-#Proto-Italic:_with"
],
[
"con-",
"con-#Latin:_bringing_together"
],
[
"co-",
"co-#Latin"
],
[
"co-",
"co-#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":lbor",
"3": "la:co-",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱe?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱóm\nProto-Italic *kom\nProto-Italic *kom-\nLatin con-\nLatin co-lbor.\nPolish ko-\n[Appendix:Glossary#learned_borrowing|Learned borrowing]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"bringing together\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"with\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"with\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"beside\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"here\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱe\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱóm\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*kom\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*kom-\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"con-\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"co-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"ko-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"ko-\">\nLearned borrowing from Latin co-.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱe?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱóm\nProto-Italic *kom\nProto-Italic *kom-\nLatin con-\nLatin co-lbor.\nPolish ko-\nLearned borrowing from Latin co-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ko-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ko-"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ko",
""
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"co-"
],
"id": "en-ko--pl-prefix-oviqcDbl",
"links": [
[
"co-",
"co-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɔ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔ"
}
],
"word": "ko-"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*kāu-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Tocharian/kāu-"
],
[
"kau-",
"kau-#Tocharian_B"
],
[
"*kewh₂-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kewh₂-"
],
[
"hew",
"hew#English"
],
[
"cudo",
"cudo#Latin"
],
[
"kaujėti",
"kaujėti#Lithuanian"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "ine-toc-pro",
"3": "*kāu-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian *kāu-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "kau-"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B kau-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kewh₂-",
"4": "",
"5": "to hit, strike"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kewh₂- (“to hit, strike”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hew"
},
"expansion": "English hew",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cudo"
},
"expansion": "Latin cudo",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kaujėti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian kaujėti",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Tocharian *kāu- (whence also Tocharian B kau-), from Proto-Indo-European *kewh₂- (“to hit, strike”). Cognate with English hew, Latin cudo, Lithuanian kaujėti, etc.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "ko-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tocharian A",
"lang_code": "xto",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 18 18 7 0 0 19 13 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to kill, strike down, destroy"
],
"id": "en-ko--xto-verb-8kL~9y-s",
"links": [
[
"kill",
"kill"
],
[
"strike down",
"strike down"
],
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 18 18 7 0 0 19 13 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 21 22 4 0 0 25 4 4 7 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 83",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tocharian A entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chop up"
],
"id": "en-ko--xto-verb-H~NInkXV",
"links": [
[
"chop up",
"chop up"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ko-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wiy",
"2": "preverb",
"cat2": "articles"
},
"expansion": "ko-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Wiyot",
"lang_code": "wiy",
"pos": "preverb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Wiyot articles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Wiyot entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Wiyot preverbs",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The emphatic article."
],
"id": "en-ko--wiy-preverb-oFuHmloy"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɑ-/"
}
],
"word": "ko-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Proto-Common Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-cmn-pro"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Khalaj",
"lang_code": "klj",
"word": "qômaq"
}
],
"lang": "Arghu",
"lang_code": "klj"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Gagauz",
"lang_code": "gag",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "ko"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "to put",
"word": "komak"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"roman": "komak",
"sense": "to put",
"word": "قومق"
}
],
"lang": "Old Anatolian Turkish",
"lang_code": "trk-oat",
"roman": "qomaq",
"sense": "to put",
"word": "قومق"
}
],
"lang": "Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*ko-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ko-",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "to put; see there for further descendants",
"translation": "to put; see there for further descendants",
"word": "ko-d-"
},
{
"english": "guest; see there for further descendants",
"translation": "guest; see there for further descendants",
"word": "kon-uk"
},
{
"english": "to settle; spend the night; see there for further descendants",
"translation": "to settle; spend the night; see there for further descendants",
"word": "ko-n-"
},
{
"english": "completely, wholly, entirely; see there for further descendants",
"translation": "completely, wholly, entirely; see there for further descendants",
"word": "ko-p"
},
{
"alt": "?",
"english": "neighbor, guest; see there for further descendants",
"sense": "?) *kon-uĺč- (“to speak”) (see there for further descendants",
"translation": "neighbor, guest; see there for further descendants",
"word": "konuĺč-ï"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to put"
],
"id": "en-ko--trk-pro-verb-nB~WvfYE",
"links": [
[
"put",
"put"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to put"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"word": "ko-"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "koncor-"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Forest Enets",
"lang_code": "enf",
"roman": "koš'",
"word": "коҫь"
}
],
"lang": "Enets",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Forest Nenets",
"lang_code": "yrk-for",
"roman": "kōš",
"word": "ко̄ш"
},
{
"lang": "Tundra Nenets",
"lang_code": "yrk-tun",
"roman": "xosʹ°",
"word": "хось"
}
],
"lang": "Nenets",
"lang_code": "yrk"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Northern Selkup",
"lang_code": "sel-nor",
"roman": "qoqo",
"word": "ӄоӄо"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Narym",
"lang_code": "sel-sou",
"roman": "qogú",
"word": "ӄогу́"
},
{
"lang": "Narym",
"lang_code": "sel-sou",
"roman": "kogú",
"word": "когу́"
},
{
"lang": "Upper Ob",
"lang_code": "sel-sou",
"roman": "kuogu",
"word": "куогу"
}
],
"lang": "Southern Selkup",
"lang_code": "sel-sou"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Selkup",
"lang_code": "sel-pro",
"word": "*qō-"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Koibal",
"lang_code": "zkb",
"roman": "ku-",
"word": "ку-"
}
],
"lang": "Kamassian",
"lang_code": "xas",
"roman": "kʰuźət",
"word": "кхузьәт"
},
{
"lang": "Mator",
"lang_code": "mtm",
"roman": "ko-",
"word": "ко-"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*koke-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/koke-"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*koke-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *koke-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *koke-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*ko-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Samoyedic",
"lang_code": "syd-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Samoyedic/ko-",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Samoyedic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to see"
],
"id": "en-ko--syd-pro-verb-6g1zNN7-",
"links": [
[
"see",
"see"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Samoyedic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to find"
],
"id": "en-ko--syd-pro-verb-dN8zHEYd",
"links": [
[
"find",
"find"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "ko-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"word": "koska"
},
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "kos"
},
{
"lang": "Livvi",
"lang_code": "olo",
"word": "kos"
},
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"word": "kon"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ku-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/ku"
],
[
"*ku-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/ku"
],
[
"goas",
"goas#Northern_Sami"
],
[
"goal",
"goal#Northern_Sami"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ko-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *ko-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "goas"
},
"expansion": "Northern Sami goas",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from Proto-Uralic *ko-, a variant of *ku-; in any case, most likely ultimately a variant of *ku-. Cognates are found in Sami languages (e.g. Northern Sami goas, goal).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ko",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kot",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kot",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kodën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "koidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kota",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "koita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kossa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kohna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "koissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "koihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kosta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "koista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kosën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "koisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "koilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "koilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "koilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "koilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kona",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "koina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "koksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "koiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "koin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "konëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "koinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kotta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "koitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "*ko-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/ko-",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic entries with inflection not matching pagename",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/short monosyllable",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "-ko"
},
{
"word": "konsa"
}
],
"glosses": [
"what (interrogative)?"
],
"id": "en-ko--urj-fin-pro-pron-hXh7dBJa",
"links": [
[
"what",
"what"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "ko-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ahtna entries with incorrect language header",
"Ahtna lemmas",
"Ahtna prefixes",
"Ahtna terms derived from Proto-Athabaskan",
"Ahtna terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Ahtna terms inherited from Proto-Athabaskan",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "hw-"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*x̣ʊ-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Athabaskan/x̣ʊ-"
],
[
"ho-",
"ho-#Navajo"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aht",
"2": "ath-pro",
"3": "*x̣ʊ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Athabaskan *x̣ʊ-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nv",
"2": "ho-"
},
"expansion": "Navajo ho-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Athabaskan *x̣ʊ-. Compare Navajo ho-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ku-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aht",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ko-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ahtna",
"lang_code": "aht",
"pos": "prefix",
"related": [
{
"word": "es-"
},
{
"word": "tsʼ-"
},
{
"word": "i-"
},
{
"word": "oh-"
},
{
"word": "∅-"
},
{
"word": "ku-"
},
{
"word": "k-"
},
{
"word": "y-"
},
{
"word": "cʼ-"
},
{
"word": "s-"
},
{
"word": "ne-"
},
{
"word": "nhw-"
},
{
"word": "b-"
},
{
"word": "hw-"
},
{
"word": "de-"
},
{
"word": "hde-"
},
{
"word": "cʼe-"
},
{
"word": "nił-"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"marks an area as the subject of a verb"
],
"links": [
[
"area",
"area#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ahtna terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "ko- + -kʼe (“on”) → kukʼe (“on an area”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
10
]
],
"english": "moose are mating (Literally, “moose have an area”)",
"text": "deniigi kotʼaen",
"translation": "moose are mating (Literally, “moose have an area”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"marks an areal object of a postposition or verb"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Ahtna terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "there is a house",
"text": "hwnax kuzʼaan",
"translation": "there is a house",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"marks the areal gender on a verb"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ko-"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "ke-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chk",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ko-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chuukese",
"lang_code": "chk",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chuukese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chuukese lemmas",
"Chuukese prefixes",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Second-person singular subject marker for tense modifying adverbs."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ko-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Czech entries referencing missing etymons",
"Czech entries with etymology texts",
"Czech entries with etymology trees",
"Czech entries with etymon",
"Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"Czech lemmas",
"Czech prefixes",
"Czech terms borrowed from Latin",
"Czech terms derived from Latin",
"Czech terms derived from Old Czech",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Czech terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *ḱe",
"Czech terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *ḱóm",
"Czech terms inherited from Old Czech",
"Czech terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"ko-",
"ko-#Old_Czech"
]
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-ocs:ko-",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Czech\", \"term\" : \"ko-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cs\" }\" data-lang=\"cs\" data-title=\"ko-\">\nInherited from Old Czech ko-.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Czech ko-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "če-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "cho-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ko-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ko- + míhat → komíhat"
},
{
"text": "ko- + drcat → kodrcat"
},
{
"text": "ko- + mřít → skomírat"
},
{
"text": "ko- + *nichat → čenichat"
},
{
"text": "ko- + metat → chomýtat"
}
],
"glosses": [
"intensifying prefix"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ko ]"
}
],
"word": "ko-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Czech entries with etymology texts",
"Czech entries with etymology trees",
"Czech entries with etymon",
"Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"Czech lemmas",
"Czech prefixes",
"Czech terms borrowed from Latin",
"Czech terms derived from Latin",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Czech terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *ḱe",
"Czech terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *ḱóm",
"Czech terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ḱe",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱe#Proto-Indo-European:_here"
],
[
"*ḱóm",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱóm#Proto-Indo-European:_beside"
],
[
"*kom",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/kom#Proto-Italic:_with"
],
[
"*kom-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/kom-#Proto-Italic:_with"
],
[
"con-",
"con-#Latin"
],
[
"con-",
"con-#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "la:con-",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱe?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱóm\nProto-Italic *kom\nProto-Italic *kom-\nLatin con-bor.\nCzech ko-\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"with\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"with\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"beside\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"here\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱe\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱóm\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*kom\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*kom-\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"con-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Czech\", \"term\" : \"ko-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"cs\" }\" data-lang=\"cs\" data-title=\"ko-\">\nBorrowed from Latin con-.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱe?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱóm\nProto-Italic *kom\nProto-Italic *kom-\nLatin con-bor.\nCzech ko-\nBorrowed from Latin con-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ko-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"co-"
],
"links": [
[
"co-",
"co-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ko ]"
}
],
"word": "ko-"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"co-",
"co-#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "la",
"3": "co-"
},
"expansion": "Latin co-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "< Latin co-",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ko-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Finnish entries with incorrect language header",
"Finnish lemmas",
"Finnish prefixes",
"Finnish terms derived from Latin",
"Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"co-"
],
"links": [
[
"co-",
"co-"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(in loanwords) co-"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in loanwords"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈko-/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈko̞-]"
}
],
"word": "ko-"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "co-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ko-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German lemmas",
"German prefixes",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"co-"
],
"links": [
[
"co-",
"co-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "De-ko-.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d0/De-ko-.ogg/De-ko-.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/De-ko-.ogg",
"tags": [
"Germany",
"Berlin"
]
}
],
"word": "ko-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Indonesian entries with incorrect language header",
"Indonesian lemmas",
"Indonesian prefixes",
"Indonesian terms borrowed from Dutch",
"Indonesian terms derived from Dutch",
"Indonesian terms derived from Latin",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"co-",
"co-#Dutch"
],
[
"co-",
"co-#Latin"
],
[
"con-",
"con-#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "nl",
"3": "co-"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Dutch co-",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "la",
"3": "co-"
},
"expansion": "Latin co-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Dutch co-, from Latin co-, allomorph of con-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kon-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "kom-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ko-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ko"
]
}
],
"lang": "Indonesian",
"lang_code": "id",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"co-"
],
"links": [
[
"co-",
"co-"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"co-:"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"co-:",
"together; mutually; jointly"
],
"links": [
[
"co-",
"co-"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dengan"
},
{
"word": "bersama-sama"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ko]"
}
],
"word": "ko-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "ko-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "こ"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese non-lemma forms",
"Japanese romanizations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Rōmaji transcription of こ"
],
"links": [
[
"Rōmaji",
"romaji"
],
[
"こ",
"こ#Japanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"Rōmaji",
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "ko-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mkj",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ko-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mokilese",
"lang_code": "mkj",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "used to form causative verbs",
"word": "ka-"
}
],
"categories": [
"Mokilese entries with incorrect language header",
"Mokilese lemmas",
"Mokilese prefixes",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of ka-; used to form causative verbs"
],
"links": [
[
"ka-",
"ka-#Mokilese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "ko-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nv",
"2": "stem"
},
"expansion": "ko-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Navajo",
"lang_code": "nv",
"pos": "stem",
"related": [
{
"word": "áadi"
},
{
"word": "aadi"
},
{
"word": "dząądi"
},
{
"word": "kodi"
},
{
"word": "nagháidi"
},
{
"word": "ńláahdi"
},
{
"word": "ńléidi"
},
{
"word": "tłʼóóʼdi"
},
{
"word": "nahdi"
},
{
"word": "—"
},
{
"word": "nagháigi"
},
{
"word": "ńláahgi"
},
{
"word": "ńléigi"
},
{
"word": "tłʼóoʼgi"
},
{
"word": "nahgi"
},
{
"word": "áájí"
},
{
"word": "aají"
},
{
"word": "kojí"
},
{
"word": "nagháíjí"
},
{
"word": "ńlááhjí"
},
{
"word": "ńléíjí"
},
{
"word": "tłʼóóʼjí"
},
{
"word": "nahjí"
},
{
"word": "áajįʼ"
},
{
"word": "aajįʼ"
},
{
"word": "kojįʼ"
},
{
"word": "nagháijįʼ"
},
{
"word": "ńláahjįʼ"
},
{
"word": "ńléijįʼ"
},
{
"word": "tłʼóoʼjįʼ"
},
{
"word": "nahjįʼ"
},
{
"word": "áádę́ę́ʼ"
},
{
"word": "aadę́ę́ʼ"
},
{
"word": "kodę́ę́ʼ"
},
{
"word": "nagháídę́ę́ʼ"
},
{
"word": "ńlááhdę́ę́ʼ"
},
{
"word": "ńléídę́ę́ʼ"
},
{
"word": "tłʼóóʼdę́ę́ʼ"
},
{
"word": "nahdę́ę́ʼ"
},
{
"word": "áádóó"
},
{
"word": "aadóó"
},
{
"word": "kodóó"
},
{
"word": "nagháídóó"
},
{
"word": "ńlááhdóó"
},
{
"word": "ńléídóó"
},
{
"word": "tłʼóóʼdóó"
},
{
"word": "nahdóó"
},
{
"word": "íídą́ą́ʼ"
},
{
"word": "nagháígóó"
},
{
"word": "ńlááhgóó"
},
{
"word": "ńléígóó"
},
{
"word": "tłʼóóʼgóó"
},
{
"word": "nahgóó"
},
{
"word": "áajigo"
},
{
"word": "aajigo"
},
{
"word": "kojigo"
},
{
"word": "nagháijigo"
},
{
"word": "ńláahjigo"
},
{
"word": "ńléijigo"
},
{
"word": "tłʼóoʼjigo"
},
{
"word": "nahjigo"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Navajo entries with incorrect language header",
"Navajo lemmas",
"Navajo stems",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"here, at this place or time"
],
"links": [
[
"here",
"here"
],
[
"place",
"place"
],
[
"time",
"time"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ko-"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "coalition",
"translation": "coalition",
"word": "koalisjon"
},
{
"english": "coexistence",
"translation": "coexistence",
"word": "koeksistens"
},
{
"english": "coherence",
"translation": "coherence",
"word": "koherens"
},
{
"english": "copilot",
"translation": "copilot",
"word": "kopilot"
},
{
"english": "coproduction",
"translation": "coproduction",
"word": "koproduksjon"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "kon-",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ko-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ko-"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "(“with, together”), used especially before vowels and h, and also in newer formations",
"word": "kon-"
}
],
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Bokmål lemmas",
"Norwegian Bokmål prefixes",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Norwegian Bokmål/u",
"Rhymes:Norwegian Bokmål/u/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:Norwegian Bokmål/uː",
"Rhymes:Norwegian Bokmål/uː/1 syllable"
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of kon- (“with, together”), used especially before vowels and h, and also in newer formations"
],
"links": [
[
"kon-",
"kon-#Norwegian_Bokmål"
],
[
"h",
"h#Norwegian_Bokmål"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ku-/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkuː-/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-u"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uː"
}
],
"word": "ko-"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ḱe",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱe#Proto-Indo-European:_here"
],
[
"*ḱóm",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱóm#Proto-Indo-European:_beside"
],
[
"*kom",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/kom#Proto-Italic:_with"
],
[
"*kom-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/kom-#Proto-Italic:_with"
],
[
"con-",
"con-#Latin:_bringing_together"
],
[
"co-",
"co-#Latin"
],
[
"co-",
"co-#Latin"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":lbor",
"3": "la:co-",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱe?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱóm\nProto-Italic *kom\nProto-Italic *kom-\nLatin con-\nLatin co-lbor.\nPolish ko-\n[Appendix:Glossary#learned_borrowing|Learned borrowing]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"bringing together\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"with\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"with\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"beside\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"here\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱe\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*ḱóm\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*kom\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*kom-\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"con-\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"co-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"ko-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"ko-\">\nLearned borrowing from Latin co-.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱe?\nProto-Indo-European *ḱóm\nProto-Italic *kom\nProto-Italic *kom-\nLatin con-\nLatin co-lbor.\nPolish ko-\nLearned borrowing from Latin co-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "prefix"
},
"expansion": "ko-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ko-"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ko",
""
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "prefix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish learned borrowings from Latin",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish prefixes",
"Polish terms borrowed from Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *ḱe",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *ḱóm",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔ",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɔ/1 syllable"
],
"glosses": [
"co-"
],
"links": [
[
"co-",
"co-"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɔ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɔ"
}
],
"word": "ko-"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "-ko"
},
{
"word": "konsa"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"word": "koska"
},
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"tags": [
"dialectal"
],
"word": "kos"
},
{
"lang": "Livvi",
"lang_code": "olo",
"word": "kos"
},
{
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"word": "kon"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*ku-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/ku"
],
[
"*ku-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/ku"
],
[
"goas",
"goas#Northern_Sami"
],
[
"goal",
"goal#Northern_Sami"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*ko-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *ko-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "goas"
},
"expansion": "Northern Sami goas",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from Proto-Uralic *ko-, a variant of *ku-; in any case, most likely ultimately a variant of *ku-. Cognates are found in Sami languages (e.g. Northern Sami goas, goal).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ko",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kot",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kot",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kodën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "koidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kota",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "koita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kossa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kohna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "koissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "koihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kosta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "koista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kosën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "koisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "koilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "koilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "koilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "koilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kona",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "koina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "koksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "koiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kon",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "koin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "konëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "koinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kotta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "koitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "*ko-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/ko-",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic entries with inflection not matching pagename",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic nominals by type/short monosyllable",
"Proto-Finnic pronouns",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Uralic"
],
"glosses": [
"what (interrogative)?"
],
"links": [
[
"what",
"what"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "ko-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Samoyedic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Samoyedic lemmas",
"Proto-Samoyedic terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Proto-Samoyedic terms inherited from Proto-Uralic",
"Proto-Samoyedic verbs"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "koncor-"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Forest Enets",
"lang_code": "enf",
"roman": "koš'",
"word": "коҫь"
}
],
"lang": "Enets",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Forest Nenets",
"lang_code": "yrk-for",
"roman": "kōš",
"word": "ко̄ш"
},
{
"lang": "Tundra Nenets",
"lang_code": "yrk-tun",
"roman": "xosʹ°",
"word": "хось"
}
],
"lang": "Nenets",
"lang_code": "yrk"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Northern Selkup",
"lang_code": "sel-nor",
"roman": "qoqo",
"word": "ӄоӄо"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Narym",
"lang_code": "sel-sou",
"roman": "qogú",
"word": "ӄогу́"
},
{
"lang": "Narym",
"lang_code": "sel-sou",
"roman": "kogú",
"word": "когу́"
},
{
"lang": "Upper Ob",
"lang_code": "sel-sou",
"roman": "kuogu",
"word": "куогу"
}
],
"lang": "Southern Selkup",
"lang_code": "sel-sou"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Selkup",
"lang_code": "sel-pro",
"word": "*qō-"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Koibal",
"lang_code": "zkb",
"roman": "ku-",
"word": "ку-"
}
],
"lang": "Kamassian",
"lang_code": "xas",
"roman": "kʰuźət",
"word": "кхузьәт"
},
{
"lang": "Mator",
"lang_code": "mtm",
"roman": "ko-",
"word": "ко-"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*koke-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Uralic/koke-"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*koke-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *koke-",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *koke-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*ko-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Samoyedic",
"lang_code": "syd-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Samoyedic/ko-",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to see"
],
"links": [
[
"see",
"see"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to find"
],
"links": [
[
"find",
"find"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "ko-"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "to put; see there for further descendants",
"translation": "to put; see there for further descendants",
"word": "ko-d-"
},
{
"alt": "?",
"english": "neighbor, guest; see there for further descendants",
"sense": "?) *kon-uĺč- (“to speak”) (see there for further descendants",
"translation": "neighbor, guest; see there for further descendants",
"word": "konuĺč-ï"
},
{
"english": "guest; see there for further descendants",
"translation": "guest; see there for further descendants",
"word": "kon-uk"
},
{
"english": "to settle; spend the night; see there for further descendants",
"translation": "to settle; spend the night; see there for further descendants",
"word": "ko-n-"
},
{
"english": "completely, wholly, entirely; see there for further descendants",
"translation": "completely, wholly, entirely; see there for further descendants",
"word": "ko-p"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Proto-Common Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-cmn-pro"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Khalaj",
"lang_code": "klj",
"word": "qômaq"
}
],
"lang": "Arghu",
"lang_code": "klj"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Gagauz",
"lang_code": "gag",
"raw_tags": [
"reshaped by analogy or addition of morphemes"
],
"word": "ko"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "to put",
"word": "komak"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"roman": "komak",
"sense": "to put",
"word": "قومق"
}
],
"lang": "Old Anatolian Turkish",
"lang_code": "trk-oat",
"roman": "qomaq",
"sense": "to put",
"word": "قومق"
}
],
"lang": "Oghuz",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*ko-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/ko-",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic transitive verbs",
"Proto-Turkic verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to put"
],
"links": [
[
"put",
"put"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to put"
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"word": "ko-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Tocharian A entries with incorrect language header",
"Tocharian A lemmas",
"Tocharian A terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Tocharian A terms derived from Proto-Tocharian",
"Tocharian A terms inherited from Proto-Tocharian",
"Tocharian A verbs"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*kāu-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Tocharian/kāu-"
],
[
"kau-",
"kau-#Tocharian_B"
],
[
"*kewh₂-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kewh₂-"
],
[
"hew",
"hew#English"
],
[
"cudo",
"cudo#Latin"
],
[
"kaujėti",
"kaujėti#Lithuanian"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "ine-toc-pro",
"3": "*kāu-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tocharian *kāu-",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "txb",
"2": "kau-"
},
"expansion": "Tocharian B kau-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kewh₂-",
"4": "",
"5": "to hit, strike"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kewh₂- (“to hit, strike”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hew"
},
"expansion": "English hew",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "cudo"
},
"expansion": "Latin cudo",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kaujėti"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian kaujėti",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Tocharian *kāu- (whence also Tocharian B kau-), from Proto-Indo-European *kewh₂- (“to hit, strike”). Cognate with English hew, Latin cudo, Lithuanian kaujėti, etc.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xto",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "ko-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Tocharian A",
"lang_code": "xto",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to kill, strike down, destroy"
],
"links": [
[
"kill",
"kill"
],
[
"strike down",
"strike down"
],
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"chop up"
],
"links": [
[
"chop up",
"chop up"
]
]
}
],
"word": "ko-"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wiy",
"2": "preverb",
"cat2": "articles"
},
"expansion": "ko-",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Wiyot",
"lang_code": "wiy",
"pos": "preverb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Wiyot articles",
"Wiyot entries with incorrect language header",
"Wiyot lemmas",
"Wiyot preverbs"
],
"glosses": [
"The emphatic article."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kɑ-/"
}
],
"word": "ko-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ko- meaning in All languages combined (28.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.